Numbers

1. Un, dau, tri, pedwar, pump

   Een, die, tree, ped-war, pimp

   One, two, three, four, five

   Usage

   Basic counting 1–5, essential for shopping and giving quantities

   Grammar Note

   Welsh numbers change form based on the gender of the following noun: "dau" (masc.) vs "dwy" (fem.) for two

2. Chwech, saith, wyth, naw, deg

   Chweych, syth, ooyth, now, dayg

   Six, seven, eight, nine, ten

   Usage

   Numbers 6–10, needed for telling time and reading prices

   Grammar Note

   Welsh has a traditional vigesimal (base-20) counting system: 20 = "ugain", 30 = "deg ar hugain" (10+20)

3. Ugain, deg ar hugain, deugain, hanner cant

   Ee-gain, dayg ar hee-gain, day-gain, han-er kant

   Twenty, thirty, forty, fifty

   Usage

   Larger numbers for prices and ages — Welsh uses a base-20 system

   Grammar Note

   Modern Welsh also uses a decimal system: "dau ddeg" (20), "tri deg" (30) — simpler and increasingly common

4. Cant, dau gant, mil

   Kant, die gant, meel

   One hundred, two hundred, one thousand

   Usage

   Large numbers for prices, distances, and quantities

   Grammar Note

   "cant" (hundred) undergoes soft mutation after "dau" (two), becoming "gant" — a typical Welsh mutation pattern

5. Faint o'r gloch yw hi?

   Vay-nt or gloch yoo hee?

   What time is it?

   Usage

   The most common way to ask what time it is

   Grammar Note

   "o'r gloch" means "of the clock" — equivalent to "o'clock". Answer: "Mae hi'n dri o'r gloch" (It's three o'clock)

6. Un deg un, un deg dau, un deg tri

   Een dayg een, een dayg die, een dayg tree

   Eleven, twelve, thirteen

   Usage

   Numbers 11–13 using the modern decimal system in Welsh

   Grammar Note

   Modern Welsh uses "un deg" (ten) + digit — the decimal system now standard in Welsh schools

7. Dau ddeg pump, tri deg, pedwar deg

   Die theg pimp, tree dayg, ped-war dayg

   Twenty-five, thirty, forty

   Usage

   Common mid-range numbers for prices and ages using the decimal system

   Grammar Note

   "deg" (ten) softly mutates to "ddeg" after "dau" (two) — forming "dau ddeg" (twenty)

8. Pum deg, chwe deg, saith deg, wyth deg, naw deg

   Pim dayg, chweh dayg, syth dayg, ooyth dayg, now dayg

   Fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety

   Usage

   Numbers 50–90 in modern Welsh decimal counting

   Grammar Note

   "pump" (5) and "chwech" (6) shorten to "pum" and "chwe" before "deg" — a Welsh phonological rule

9. Mae hi'n bedwar o'r gloch y prynhawn.

   My heen bed-war or gloch uh prin-hown.

   It is four o'clock in the afternoon.

   Usage

   Telling the time including the afternoon specification

   Grammar Note

   "pedwar" (four) mutates to "bedwar" after "mae hi'n" — "y prynhawn" (the afternoon) specifies PM

10. Faint yw'r cyfanswm?

    Vay-nt yoor kuh-van-sum?

    What is the total?

    Usage

    Asking for the total amount when paying for shopping or a meal

    Grammar Note

    "cyfanswm" = "cyfan" (whole/total) + "swm" (sum) — a native Welsh compound word for total

11. Dw i'n ddau ddeg saith oed.

    Doo een thie theg syth oyd.

    I'm 27 years old

    Usage

    Giving your age — the answer to "Faint yw eich oed?" (How old are you?)

    Grammar Note

    Age takes the frame "yn + numeral + oed", as in "yn bedair oed" (four years old). Predicative "yn" causes soft mutation, so "dau ddeg saith" becomes "ddau ddeg saith". The decimal "dau ddeg" (twenty) matches "dau ddeg pump"; the vigesimal "saith ar hugain" is also in use

12. Bydda i'n ddau ddeg wyth oed eleni.

    Buh-tha een thie theg ooyth oyd el-en-ee.

    I turn 28 this year

    Usage

    Saying what age you will reach during the current year

    Grammar Note

    "bydda" is the first-person singular future of "bod" (to be), the future counterpart of "dw i". "eleni" is a single-word adverb for "this year" — Welsh does not say "y flwyddyn hon" here

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