Body Parts

1. pen

   Head

   Usage

   A headache is "cur pen" or "pen tost"

2. gwallt

   Hair

   Usage

   A collective noun for the hair on your head. With the article: "y gwallt". Used at a salon

3. wyneb

   Face

   Usage

   With the article: "yr wyneb" (vowel-initial takes "yr"). The same word means a surface

4. llygad

   Eye

   Usage

   The plural is "llygaid"

5. clust

   Ear

   Usage

   The plural is "clustiau". An earache is "clust dost"

6. trwyn

   Nose

   Usage

   With the article: "y trwyn". The same word names headlands on the coast

7. ceg

   Mouth

   Usage

   With the article: "y geg" — a feminine noun, so it soft-mutates. Used at a dentist or pharmacy

8. dant

   Tooth

   Usage

   The plural is "dannedd"; toothache is "dannodd"

9. tafod

   Tongue

   Usage

   Also used figuratively for language, though the everyday word for a language is "iaith"

10. gwddf

    Neck

    Usage

    The southern form is "gwddwg". For the inside of the throat, say "corn gwddf"

11. corn gwddf

    Throat

    Usage

    Literally "the pipe of the neck". A sore throat is "dolur gwddf"

12. ysgwydd

    Shoulder

    Usage

    The plural is "ysgwyddau". With the article: "yr ysgwydd"

13. braich

    Arm

    Usage

    The plural is "breichiau". From the wrist down is a separate word, "llaw"

14. penelin

    Elbow

    Usage

    From "pen" (end) + "elin" (forearm). Point at it after a fall

15. llaw

    Hand

    Usage

    The plural, "dwylo", looks very different

16. bys

    Finger

    Usage

    The plural is "bysedd". A toe is "bys troed"

17. ewin

    Nail

    Usage

    The plural is "ewinedd". A clove of garlic is also "ewin garlleg"

18. brest

    Chest

    Usage

    For chest pain

19. bol

    Belly

    Usage

    The form "bola" is also used in the north. Stomachache is "poen bol"; the organ is "stumog"

20. cefn

    Back

    Usage

    The back as a whole

21. gwaelod y cefn

    Lower back

    Usage

    Literally "the bottom of the back" — Welsh has no single word for it

22. pen-ôl

    Bottom / buttocks

    Usage

    Keep the circumflex on the ô. Literally "the rear end"; the everyday word, with no crude edge

23. coes

    Leg

    Usage

    The whole leg; from the ankle down is "troed"

24. pen-glin

    Knee

    Usage

    Literally "the end of the leg"; the plural is "pengliniau". For a knee hurt while hiking

25. troed

    Foot

    Usage

    The plural is "traed"

26. ffêr

    Ankle

    Usage

    Keep the circumflex on the ê. The plural is "fferau"

27. croen

    Skin

    Usage

    The same word covers fruit peel. Sunburn is "llosg haul" — show it at a pharmacy

28. asgwrn

    Bone

    Usage

    The plural is "esgyrn". A broken bone is "asgwrn wedi torri"

29. gwaed

    Blood

    Usage

    A blood test is "prawf gwaed"

30. calon

    Heart

    Usage

    Both the organ and the seat of feeling — a word woven through Welsh song

31. stumog

    Stomach (organ)

    Usage

    The organ, as opposed to "bol" (the belly)

32. coluddyn

    Intestine

    Usage

    The plural is "coluddion". Used when explaining abdominal pain

33. ysgyfaint

    Lungs

    Usage

    Normally used in the plural (the singular is "ysgyfant"). Asthma is "asthma"

34. afu

    Liver

    Usage

    The northern word; the south says "iau". Both are correct — show the other if the first draws a blank

35. aren

    Kidney

    Usage

    The plural is "arennau". Show it when explaining a condition or medication

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